Odstranilo důsledky zemětřesení o desetroky. Le relief est plat, peu accidenté, couvert de 300 à 350 mètres de sédiments volcaniques et lacustres[18]. While that shock may have been related to the Pambak-Sevan fault, the October 22, 1926 Leninakan earthquake to the west of the 1988 event also had a maximum intensity of MSK VIII. Multiple new airlines began operating flights to the airport, including Taron Avia, a new Armenian airline based in Gyumri. [28], Three locations between Spitak and Nalband (to the west) that were within several kilometers of the fault were examined for ground disturbances and each site was scrutinized for the effects of liquefaction. V Zakavkazsku existuje mnoho měst,kterému je Arménie slavná. Nejvýznamnější období ve vývoji Leninakanuse stalo devatenáctým stoletím. Numerous sand boils were seen in the region northwest of Spitak including within 15 m (49 ft) of the failed embankment. République socialiste soviétique d'Arménie, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gyumri&oldid=174488866, Page avec coordonnées similaires sur Wikidata, Catégorie Commons avec lien local identique sur Wikidata, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. A song was produced by a duo of French composers (including Charles Aznavour) and a studio album that featured songs donated by mainstream rock bands was released from the Rock Aid Armenia effort by the British music industry. Most collapsed, killing two-thirds of their doctors, destroying equipment and medicine, and reducing the capacity to handle the critical medical needs in the region. Misakyan, Gohar Genrikovna, née à Leninakan (Arménie) le 3 septembre 1971. Contextual translation of "leninakan" from French into Dutch. The Renaissance international music festival of Gyumri is held annually since 2009. Many works have been published to narrate about the legacy and heritage of the humor in Gyumri.[50]. En 2012 encore, des ruines jonchent le centre-ville et l'on estime que 4 000 familles n'ont pas trouvé de toit digne de ce nom ; les hommes étant partis chercher du travail en Russie, la ville a surtout gardé des femmes seules, des enfants et des personnes âgées[23]. Imastaser Anania Shirakatsi University, opened in 1992. The population of Gyumri has gradually grown since 1840 after gaining the status of town. : /+420/ 221105 388/367/ oficiálně otevřena kancelář velvyslanectví Arménie ve Vídni, které má působnost pro Českou republiku (Neubaugasse 12-14, A-1070 Wien, tel: 00 43 1522 74 79, e-mail: armenia@armenembassy.at)). Pogosian echtgenote Virabian, Nasik, geboren te Leninakan (Armenië) op 11 februari 1963. Leninakan a okolní osady jsou pokryté pláněmi, lávovými masivy, jezery a řekami. գյումրեցիների գնահատականը մեկդարյա «Անուշ»-ի առաջնախաղին, Ապրիլի մեկի խորհուրդն ու գյումրվա հումորի առանձնահատկությունները, «Սարի պես բանցր Գյումրին» եւ նրա հումորի լեգենդները, Armenia among the top 10 safest countries, "1837թ. Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin II also took part in the ceremony. [39], As of July 1989 about $500 million in donations had been delivered to the Armenians from 113 countries. Baxter International, an American health care company with headquarters in Deerfield, Illinois, designed and built a flying medical lab set up with 20 dialysis machines to be used with victims suffering from crush syndrome (trauma associated with building collapses), but were unable to get started for four days until the visas were available. In 1912, Gyumri was home to the first opera show ever staged in Armenia, when composer Armen Tigranian presented Anoush to the public in Alexandropol. Také asi šedesát vesnic republiky se stalo zříceninou a dalších čtyři sta vesnic bylo částečně zničeno. The area of modern-day Gyumri was known as Armenian Kumayri during the period of the Kingdom of Urartu. The city suffered major damage during the 1988 Armenian earthquake, which devastated many parts of the country. We're part of Translated, so if you ever need professional translation services, then go checkout our main site, Usage Frequency: 1, Usage Frequency: 2, Hovhannisyan épouse Pogosian, Armenuhi, née à. Černá pevnost, kostel Spasitele, klášter Marmashen a četné muzejní domy jsou hodné pozornosti. As of 2017[update], the Gyumri Railway Station operates regular trips to Yerevan and Batumi. Do města se můžete dostat pohodlným způsobem: letadlem, vlakem, autobusem nebo autem. Tam je příležitost opustit Jerevan, jestliže tam je touha obdivovat druhy, že Arménie je slavný. A major Russian fortress was built on the site in 1837. Both Leninakan and Kirovakan were roughly equidistant from the shock, yet Leninakan had greater damage. Des voyageurs venant d'URSS parlent du chaos qui règne dans les trois villes les plus touchées: Kirovabad, Leninakan et Spitak. Starting from 2017–18 season, FC Gyumri became known as Shirak Futsal, representing the futsal branch of FC Shirak. [16], Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia), Urban Search and Rescue Virginia Task Force 1, "Still Recovering: A visit to the 1988 "center of the epicenter, "Soviet aides say deaths in quake may reach 50,000", "Сколько на самом деле погибло людей в результате спитакского землетрясения? J.-C.[5] ; en 1928, des couteaux et des bracelets en fer des Xe – IXe siècles av. O něco později, v okolí, byla postavena ruská tvrz, vojenské opevnění a vesnické osady pro vojáky. For the fifteen months prior to the earthquake and at times up to hundreds of thousands of protesters, represented by the Karabakh Committee, were demanding both democracy and the unification of Nagorno-Karabakh (administered by Soviet Azerbaijan but disputed autonomous territory with an 80% Armenian majority and the Azerbaijani minority) in the mountains of the Karabakh region. The surrounding lands near the city are rich in tufa, basalt and clay. La municipalité a accordé en 2007 un budget de 100 millions de drams (330 000 dollars) pour la réfection de la place de la Liberté, autrefois appelée « place centrale ». Cependant, à cause de la lenteur des travaux et du manque d'argent, le principal problème des habitants de Gyumri reste toujours la pénurie de logement. Také v životě města hrála velká roleruční práce. In certain situations gravelly sands may liquefy in similar fashion as saturated sands. A to je téměř o třicet let dříve než v celé východní Arménii. Toto město je hustě obydlené obyvateli, ale přesto je oblíbené u turistů. The earthquake's effects were assessed at ten on that seismic scale. The Russian 102nd Military Base is located in the city. Le plus récent et le plus marquant est le séisme du 7 décembre 1988 dont l'épicentre était situé dans la région de Spitak, à quelques dizaines de kilomètres à l'est de Gyumri, et qui a fait entre trente mille et cent mille morts[22]. The paper also stated that too many Soviet personnel were giving advice and not enough people were actually searching. Rezervujte si lacné letenky do lokality Gyumri: Vyhľadajte a porovnajte letenky na Tripadvisore, a pre svoju cestu do lokality Gyumri si nájdite tie najlepšie lety. The city's population grew above 200,000 prior to the 1988 Spitak earthquake, when it was devastated. Officials acknowledged that the work to complete the rebuilding may take up to five years or longer, a supposition that more than doubled Gorbachev's estimate of two years. After 2 centuries of Islamic rule over Armenia, the Bagratids declared independence in 885 establishing the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia. The relationship between the Soviet authorities and the Armenian society took a turn for the worse in March and the developments climaxed in November when a state of emergency was declared, along with a nighttime curfew, and a mass movement of up to 50,000 Armenians fleeing ethnic violence arrived from Azerbaijan. En 1829, environ trois mille familles des villes arméniennes occidentales de Kars[7], Erzurum, Dogubeyazit et d'autres endroits migrent et s'installent à Gyumri, qui a alors un habitat très dense[5]. On 10 May 1920, the local Bolshevik Armenians aided by the Muslim population, attempted a coup d'état in Alexandropol against the Dashnak government of Armenia. De Gyumri à Akyaka, il suffirait en théorie d'une petite demi-heure de voiture. Following an invitation by the Soviets for a critique of their plan, the American proposal was ultimately accepted as the way forward. An engineer with the team stated that the regulations for the area mandated that buildings be required to stand up against events measuring seven or eight on the twelve degree Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale. [31], The presence of the small Russian Orthodox community along with the Russian military base personnel is marked with the Saint Alexandra the Martyr's Church (within the Russian base), the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel and the Church of Saint Arsenije.[32]. During the Zakarid rule, the Eastern Armenian territories, mainly Lori and Shirak, entered into a new period of growth and stability, becoming a trade centre between the east and the west. Gyumri Central Park, founded during the 1920s on the site of the old cemetery of the city. Mikhail Gorbachev was in New York on his first day of visits with Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush at the time of the earthquake, and once the scale of the disaster was realized, a quick departure was made back to Armenia, with the Kremlin formally asking for American help. By continuing to visit this site you agree to our use of cookies. La ville se situe au nord-ouest de l’Arménie, sur la rive gauche de la rivière Akhourian, à une altitude moyenne de 1 550 mètres au-dessus du niveau de la mer[18]. À peine peuplée de plus d'une centaine d'habitants au début du XIXe siècle, Gyumri s'est ainsi rapidement développée à partir de 1829 avec l'arrivée de 3 000 familles en provenance d'Arménie occidentale, puis avec la liaison ferroviaire et le développement socio-économique qui s'ensuit. While foreign doctors did assist with the Chernobyl incident, the Soviet relief effort after the earthquake was augmented by the largest foreign cooperation since World War II. It has an approximate height of 1,550 metres (5,090 feet) above sea level, the high altitude line being 1,500 metres (4,900 feet). La ville abrite également une chapelle russe[28]. [51], Following moderate use in 2005 and 2006 during which annual passenger traffic was at about 46,000 and several hundred aircraft movements took place each year, the airport's activity quickly declined again to the point where in 2016 passenger traffic amounted to only 12,421 and a mere 54 aircraft movements took place. Epicentrum celého zemětřesení bylo nedaleko města Spitak; otřesy dosáhly síly 7,2 stupňů Richterovy stupnice. Last Update: 2011-10-23 Throughout centuries, Kumayri-Gyumri was labelled as the "city of crafts and arts",[34] being famous for its schools, theaters and gusans. Des voyageurs venant d'URSS parlent du chaos qui règne dans les trois villes les plus touchées: Kirovabad, Grâce à une aide communautaire d'urgence de 10 millions d'écus, du personnel, des équipements et des soins médicaux ont pu être financés en faveur des blessés de Spitak et de. The city is also home to the Gyumri Swimming Complex. Arménie je vnitrozemským hornatým státem v oblasti Euroásie nacházející se mezi Černým a Kaspickým mořem. Leninakan pro svou historii dokázal přežít hodně, včetně nejsilnějšího zemětřesení. Author and professor of geopolitics Pierre Verluise detailed in his 1995 book Armenia in Crisis: The 1988 Earthquake, how a French doctor and director of a Leninakan hospital described that he had seen one hundred victims suffering from the syndrome each day during the first three days. Čtěte recenze a prohlížejte si stovky cen letenek z a do Vaší destinace a na základě toho si vyberte tu nejlepší leteckou společnost. Hovhannisyan echtgenote Pogosian, Armenuhi, geboren te Leninakan (Armenië) op 24 juni 1968. Population and ethnic groups chart of Gyumri throughout history: The majority of the population in Gyumri belongs to the Armenian Apostolic Church. Հայերը համաշխարհային պարարվեստում (Armenians on the International Dance Scene), Yerevan, 2016. p. 13, Art and Asia Pacific Almanac – Volume 5 – Page 92, Last edited on 28 September 2020, at 07:15, murdered seven members of an Armenian family in Gyumri, Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God of Gyumri, Ordinariate of Armenia, Georgia, Russia, and Eastern Europe, Ordinariate for Armenia, Georgia, Russia, and Eastern Europe, Dzitoghtsyan Museum of Social Life and National Architecture of Gyumri, Gyumri State Orchestra of Folk Instruments, National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Yerevan State Institute of Theatre and Cinematography, List of twin towns and sister cities in Armenia, https://www.armstat.am/en/?nid=81&id=2209, Անօթեւանների թվաքանակը, քաղաքապետարանի չիրականացրած հաշվառումն ու Սուքիաս Ավետիսյանի «հուզմունքը», "Armenia: Murder Case Strains Relations with Moscow", "The Eparchy of Armenia & Oriental Europe of the Armenian Catholic Church", "Հաղթանակի պողոտայում սկսվել են Հայ կաթողիկե եկեղեցու շինաշախատանքները", "Gyumri has preserved the aura and architecture of the 19th century", "Gyumri officially declared CIS cultural capital in 2013", Գյումրու Ալեքսանդրովսկի՝ ներկայում Աբովյան փողոցի մի հատվածը կրելու է ամերիկահայ բարերար Քըրք Քըրքորյանի անունը, U.S.-Armenian Tycoon Remembered At Gyumri Church Service, Serzh Sargsyan walked through Gyumri’s ‘fantastic’ streets and had dinner in newly built guest houses, «Հալալ է». Stránka byla naposledy editována 29. Alexandropol was finally formed as a town in 1840 to become the centre of the newly established Alexandropol Uyezd, experiencing rapid growth during its first decade. Deputy chairman of a city building and architecture council said that updated building codes like those in the United States were being drafted (along with a strict requirement that the new protocols be respected) and that the new buildings would be no taller than four stories and would be located away from areas with the highest seismic risk. V atmosféře perestrojky začali lidé veřejně požadovat změnu a zpřísnění norem pro výstavbu nových budov a lepší organizaci záchranných složek. [14], The earthquake occurred along a known 60 km (37 mi) thrust fault striking parallel to the Caucasus range and dipping to the north-northeast. Arménie. The city is notable for its worldwide champions in individual sports, such as Robert Emmiyan in long jump, Yurik Vardanyan and Nazik Avdalyan in weightlifting and Artur Aleksanyan in Greco-Roman wrestling. Arménie měla těžké chvíle, ale dokázala to přežít. Throughout the 19th century, Alexandrapol was considered the centre of folk and traditional Armenian music. Surp Sarkis Chapel, built in 2008 and opened in 2011. While transporting some of these supplies to the region, a Soviet aircraft carrying 9 crew members and 69 military personnel, and a transport plane from Yugoslavia, were both destroyed in separate incidents. [30] There are around 16,000 Armenian Catholics in the Shirak Province. La ville de Gyumri compte officiellement 150 917 habitants, de facto 140 318[25]. The range is situated along an active seismic belt that stretches from the Alps in southern Europe to the Himalayas in Asia. Gyumri (Armenie: Գյումրի, "Gyoumri") is the caipital an lairgest ceety o the Shirak Province in northwast Armenie.It is locatit aboot 120 km frae the caipital Yerevan, an, wi a population o 168,918 (2008; up frae 150,917 reportit at the 2001 census), is the seicont-lairgest ceety in Armenie.. Le parc central a été aménagé dans les années 1920 à la place d'un ancien cimetière. Přesněji, je to skoro sto třicet kilometrů od něj. In support of the relief effort, recording artists united to produce several music-related contributions for the victims of the quake. Last Update: 2012-04-06 Jen kvůli této významné události se Gyumri stalo známým a rozvinutým sídlem v Zakavkazsku. In 1837 Russian Tsar Nicholas I arrived in Gyumri and changed the name into Alexandropol. [41][42], The Tsaghkadzor earthquake on October 20, 1827, was centered about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of Spitak and had a maximum intensity of VIII on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale. It is home to four natural-grass and two artificial turf regular-sized football training pitches.[62]. Gyumri ou Gumri (en arménien Գյումրի) est la capitale et la principale ville du marz de Shirak, dans le nord-ouest de l'Arménie. [38], In February 1989 one hundred construction workers were assembling temporary housing for themselves in Leninakan with a plan to start on the local population's housing by the end of the month, though schools and factories were also on the list of facilities to be rebuilt. À la fin du XIXe siècle, la population d'Alexandropol atteint 32 000 habitants[5]. The artistic director is Nikolay Tsaturyan. Many case histories pertaining to liquefaction in sandy soil exist, but few exist with respect to gravel and gravelly sands. Classical antiquity and the ancient Armenian Kingdom, [Book: The Arab Campaign of Armenia, Author: Ghevond the Historian (8th century), published in 1857, Paris (Ղևոնդ պատմագիր, Արշաւանք արաբաց ի Հայս, Փարիզ, 1857)]. It was completely destroyed during the Soviet days. V důsledku toho byly pozemky převzaty Ruskou říší, která se v těchto částech rozhodla stavět vojenské opevnění. Chatshatrian, Sarik, geboren te Leninakan (Armenië) op 16 januari 1977. Na začátku století se město a okolní oblasti staly součástí Ruské říše. Díky nim město rozkvétalo a rozvíjelo a vznikly několik cechů: zedníci, kováři, klenotníci a tkalci. Spojení by mělo být umístěno bez ohledu na úplné nebo částečné použití materiálů. Taxis are available in the city at any time of the day or night.[55]. The Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, around 75 km (47 mi) from the epicenter, experienced only minor shaking and no damage occurred there, but was eventually closed for a period of six years due to vulnerability concerns. Aznavour, together with Armenian-French composer Georges Garvarentz, formed a foundation called "Aznavour for Armenia" and composed the song as a call for help for the Armenians. Après la Révolution russe et l'effondrement du front du Caucase, les Ottomans entrent en Transcaucasie ; Alexandropol est bombardée et tombe le 15 mai 1918[10]. The group, including a structural engineer who specialized in seismic-resistant designs, agreed that building inadequacies were the primary reason why the strong (but not huge) earthquake was so damaging, although the freezing temperatures also played a role in the unusually high death toll. J.-C.[2] ; cette hypothèse repose sur une identification incertaine avec la ville de Gymnias mentionnée par Xénophon[3],[4]. Rock, folk rock and ethnic rock are widely popular through the local famous rock band Bambir, active since 1978. Avetisyan echtgenote Avagyan, Marine, geboren te Leninakan (Armenië) op 14 oktober 1970. The complex incident ruptured multiple faults, with a strike-slip event occurring shortly after the initiation of the mainshock. Gyumri is home to many prominent museums of Armenia, including the House-Museums of sculptor Sergey Merkurov, poets Avetik Isahakyan and Hovhannes Shiraz, and actor Mher Mkrtchyan. Elle a été énormément endommagée par le tremblement de terre de 1988, mais elle est actuellement en reconstruction ; les travaux devraient être achevés en 2010[29]. [12] In 1410, Armenia fell under the control of the Kara Koyunlu Shia Oghuz Turkic tribe. The city suffered an earthquake in 1926, when many of its significant buildings were destroyed including the Greek church of Saint George. Leonid Bibin, deputy chairman of the state building committee, stated that many newer homes collapsed as well and that he was beginning an investigation into the matter and that criminal charges would be brought.
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