In December 2018, Bouteflika, who has been wheelchair-bound since 2013, was unable to meet Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman when he came to Algiers for a two-day visit due to acute flu. In short, no negotiations unless the protestors get the power. The so-called Arab Spring that began in neighboring Tunisia in 2011, and swept across the region, left little mark on Algeria. On September 15th, Algeria�s interim president, Abdelkader Bensalah, announced that a third attempt at holding elections, after the cancelled attempts in April and July, would take place on December 12th. The five candidates were the softest version of Bouteflika�s system. Discord among the general population is palpable, owing to the increasing cost of living, scarce opportunities for employment or upward mobility, distrust of the political process and the government, limited access to decent health care, dissatisfaction with the educational system and the lack of affordable housing. And on 02 April 2019, Gaid Salah, the country's powerful army chief and a long-time loyalist of the president, issued a strongly worded statement condemning "the gang that had seized control of" Algerians' destiny, in a direct reference to the president's inner circle, including elite cronies benefitting from the decades-long status quo. Ghediri was the first to seize the initiative, declaring in a statement to Algerian media that "I have decided to take up the challenge by running in the presidential election". Thousands marched in different cities of Algeria Friday 06 December 2019 to demand the presidential election scheduled for Dec. 12 to be canceled. Demonstrations have since continued, with protesters demanding Bensalah's resignation and an end to the dominance of the elite who have ruled Algeria since it won independence from France in 1962. A new constitution would be submitted to the public for a referendum. script.setAttribute("onerror", "setNptTechAdblockerCookie(true);"); Since then, he has not been directly involved in public engagements and even missed his very own presidential campaign in 2014. Since the start of the campaign, Tebboune has sought to distance himself from his years of service under Bouteflika. "The army will meet the people's demands," he told military personnel at a base on 10 April 2019, once again denouncing the corrupt "gang" running the country. The poll is strongly opposed by protesters who reject any vote held under authorities they say are tarnished by corruption from the rule of ousted leader Abdelaziz Bouteflika. "This major challenge... involves questioning, without any taboos, the established order," said the 64-year-old, who retired in 2015. No major party has nominated a candidate. 06-07-2020 19:45:57 ZULU, A Hirak Glossary: Terms from Algeria and Morocco, Algerian 'Hirak' is neither a revolution nor a social movement. Algerians took to the streets in celebration on 11 March 2019 after ailing President Abdelaziz Bouteflika announced that he had abandoned his decision to seek a fifth term, bowing to weeks of mass demonstrations against his 20-year rule. Abdelmadjid Tebboune, another former prime minister, was sacked by Bouteflika after only 90 days after clashing with one of the then president�s allies. the movement does not have representatives. The president will take "steps to ensure state institutions continue to function during the transition period," Boutflika's office said in a statement relayed on television. According to the current constitution, the Senate president would become president of the republic if Bouteflika dies in office. The protests following Bouteflika's decision to seek reelection in 2014 involved tens to hundreds of protesters. It is an unorganized movement seeking radical and dramatic change, not just social and political reforms. Twenty-three candidates had applied to the election authority, but most failed to meet requirements which include collecting signatures from 25 of the country�s 48 provinces. Since taking office in 1999, Bouteflika is credited for restoring peace in Algeria following a brutal civil war that killed upwards of 100,000 people. "We must find a way out of this crisis immediately, within the constitutional framework," Lt Gen Ahmed Gaed Salah said in a televised speech 26 March 2019. Algeria�s Constitutional Council announced 26 May 2019 that two candidates had finally registered for the country�s July 4th presidential election, hours after public radio reported that a deadline had passed without any candidacy. The coronavirus threat put paid to what would have been the 57th straight Friday of "Hirak" anti-regime protests since February 22, 2019, leaving mainly policemen, most wearing masks, out on the streets. However, unlike some of the revolutionary movements of the Arab Spring, it totally rejected violence. The �Algeria Stand Up� (Alg�rie � Debout! ) A new caretaker government headed by recently appointed Prime Minister Noureddine Bedoui was announced on 31 March 2019. Since they began, Algerian authorities arrested more than a hundred protesters, journalists and activists, violating their rights to freedom of expression and association under the Algerian constitution and under international law. Former prime minister Abdelmadjid Tebboune, who was sacked after barely three months in for attempting to separate money from the state is seen as Benflis� obstacle for the presidency. In 2007, US embassy contacts in Algeria described Gaid Salah, commander of Algerian military forces, as "perhaps the most corrupt official in the military apparatus". The scale of the protests surprised many in Algeria and represented the biggest challenge in years to Bouteflika. But Algeria�s rulers have been determined to hold the ballot on July 4, seeing it as the only way out of a crisis that forced Bouteflika to leave power in April after weeks of protests. In an interview with El Watan newspaper last month he hit out at speculation that the polls might be postponed and Bouteflika's mandate extended, saying he expected the army to stop any such move. Tebboune faced a difficult task to be accepted by the electorate in the North African country, where many citizens see the government as inept, corrupt and unable to manage the flagging economy. Prime Minister Noureddine Bedoui "will resign soon" to facilitate the holding of elections before the end of the year, which the army sees the only way to end a standoff over months of protests, two senior sources told Reuters on 10 September 2019. Despite Bouteflika�s departure, protesters have continued to stage mass demonstrations each Friday. The establishment believe all solutions must be derived from the constitution, in order to preserve the state�s institutions and security, which many view as a smokescreen for the military to maintain its position of imposing political leaders who represent their interests. L'élection présidentielle algérienne de 2019 a lieu le 12 décembre 2019 en Algérie, après deux reports dans la même année. The protests were largely peaceful, butthere were reports of violence that left at least one person dead. Clerics said they would not accept government orders about what to preach. Algerian news website TSA reported crowds had gathered at other locations around the country. Protesters opposed Bouteflika running for a fifth term in office, but there was also anger at the country�s high joblessness and alleged government corruption. This means that every individual is included and the demands are sharply identified, with no negotiations with the regime unless it accepts the demands. The president has a recent history of brain strokes that at times cost him control over most of his senses and placed him on a wheelchair. About one million people took to the streets of Algiers on Friday 29 March 2019 to demand the resignation of President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, police officers at the scene said, in the biggest demonstration since unrest erupted six weeks ago. Initialement prévu pour le 18 avril 2019, le scrutin devait voir la candidature d'Abdelaziz Bouteflika à un cinquième mandat présidentiel. It did not set a new date for the presidential election, asking Bensalah to organise a vote at a later date, state television said. The president's brother and special adviser Said has been widely seen as Algeria's de facto ruler since Abdelaziz's stroke, which severely impaired the president's speech. }, Page last modified: In August 2019, Netblocks, a study on Internet shutdowns found that Youtube and Google services were blocked by state-run Algeria Telecom and other Internet providers after a political opposition video was posted. ", Algeria's president informed the country's constitutional council 02 April 2019 of his decision to stand down. Algerians thronged their capital Friday 29 November 2019 to insist that a presidential election set for December�12 must not go ahead before a change of regime. This could be a tipping point in Algeria," Jeremy Keenan of the Queen Mary University of London, told Al Jazeera 01 March 2019. Both sides (the people and the establishment or military) see the constitution as the ultimate arbiter, but differ in their interpretations of it. By 2006 Gaid-Salah was 7 yaers beyond the new mandatory retirement age and had served as Chief of Staff since August 2004. Thousands of people took to the streets of Algeria's capital on 01 March 2019 to protest against ailing President Abdelaziz Bouteflika's bid for a fifth term in power, AFP news agency reported. The former believe elections cannot be held so long as remnants of the old regime are active and the people are not given the sovereignty afforded to them by the constitution to choose their next leader. The ailing leader vowed in an 11th-hour letter read out on state television to organise a "national conference" that would set a date for early polls which he would not contest. Tebboune, 74, took 58.15 percent of the vote, trouncing his four fellow contenders without the need for a second-round runoff, electoral commission chairman Mohamed Charfi announced. Foreign observers characterized the elections as largely peaceful but noted low voter turnout and a high rate of ballot invalidity. After purging the country�s top military and intelligence leadership multiple times, he is set to run for a fifth term in the April 2019 elections. Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia resigned and Noureddine Bedoui was appointed as the new prime minister. When performing the national oath, Bouteflika failed to read a full paragraph, leaving the impression that he would have great difficulty in fulfilling responsibilities during his fourth mandate. Some predicted the pandemic, which now leaves Algeria with Africa�s biggest reported death toll, may unravel the largely peaceful Hirak protest movement born early in 2019. The coronavirus pandemic has emptied streets once packed with millions of anti-government protesters, while authorities continue a campaign of intimidation and arrests. At least 25�people were arrested before Friday's march. The move extended the rule of interim President Abdelkader Bensalah, who was meant to stay only until the vote to elect a new president after Bouteflika ended his 20-year rule in the wake of mass protests. Algeria's newly appointed president had set 04 July 2019 as the date for the country's postponed presidential election. Five candidates would run in Algeria�s presidential election, including two former prime ministers, the head of the election authority said on 02 November 2019, amid mass protests rejecting the vote. var d = new Date(); He returned as housing minister from 2012 to 2017 when he was briefly appointed prime minister. The demonstrations came a week after tens of thousands of people rallied in the North African state against 81-year-old Bouteflika's decision to stand in the April 18 election. By comparison, when Bouteflika was hospitalized in Paris in late 2005, the Algerian press -- both official and private -- stuck to reporting the uninformative government communiques on Bouteflika's condition. But he was sacked by Bouteflika after just three months for criticising some of the president's inner circle, many of whom are now in jail on corruption charges. Upper house chairman Abdelkader Bensalah will reportedly be caretaker president for 45 days. Keenan called the demonstrations "completely unprecedented". The secretive military-based establishment known to Algerians as �le pouvoir� (the powers-that-be) appeared to have stood aside while the demonstrations have taken place. "Fifty percent of the Algerian population, we are talking about 42 million people, is under the age of 27 and 30 percent of those are unemployed. The Arab Spring was categorized as either a revolutionary movement or, more narrowly, as different social movements. Salah referred to Article 102 of the Algerian constitution which provides for the appointment of the parliament chairman as interim head of state, and organization of a snap election in the event that the president�s health prevents him from properly executing his duties. In at least one location, police opened fire with tear gas and rubber bullets, chasing and beating demonstrators, after youths hurled stones at them. They want to replace the establishment with a new generation of leaders capable of modernizing the oil-dependent state and giving hope to a population impatient for a better life. document.cookie = "__adblocker=" + (adblocker ? Initially, instead of escalating to a military conflict between both sides, the back and forth contention took place on the streets without injuries or deaths. Algeria on 18 January 2019 announced a presidential election for 18 April 2019 without indicating whether veteran leader Abdelaziz Bouteflika would stand, following calls for his nomination by a loyal ruling caste of businessmen, trade unions and the military. script.setAttribute("src", "//www.npttech.com/advertising.js"); The statement came after weeks of massive protests against the extension of the president�s fourth term. Algeria cannot hold a presidential election planned for July 4 due to a lack of valid candidates, its constitutional council said on 02 June 2019, prolonging the country's transition after President Abdelaziz Bouteflika resigned two months earlier. The Islamic Party said the real democratic transformation can only be achieved by real political will. The bloc comprises parties like National Liberation Front, headed by Bouteflika himself and the National Rally for Democracy, led by Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia. Massive ongoing protests calling for a radical change pushed the ailing president to resign on April 2, but demonstrators continue to demand the removal of all those linked to the former administration. But the Constitutional Council said in a statement that it had received the files of two candidates, Abdelhakim Hamadi and Hamid Touahri, both unknown figures to the public. On 20 March 2020, for the first time in over a year, the streets of the Algerian capital were quiet and almost empty on Friday, the day of weekly anti-government rallies. Voters re-elected Bouteflika in the 17 April 2014 presidential elections. Algeria�s army chief called for long-term leader Abdelaziz Bouteflika to be declared unfit to rule. document.cookie = "__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/"; The revenues from oil in the last 20 years have been at least a trillion dollars. The socio-political state in Algeria over the last 8 months has made the elections a non-starter for the public, given the deep distrust of the political system -that the ballot box has historically perpetuated. The 2019 presidential elections would decide current President Abdelaziz Bouteflika's future in power. Movement of Society for Peace, the largest opposition Islamist party, said it would announce its position on the presidential elections when the �electoral commission is officially called� - implying that the deadline should be set by the president, and not by the army chief. The beginning of Algerian protests in February 2019, which continued through the year, were paradoxical in that the Algerian movement did fall within either of these Arab Spring categories. So in terms of intensity, scale, geographic location, and numbers there was a very different level. An earlier meeting with Merkel and a meeting with Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte were cancelled. Bedoui's departure was a major demand of protesters, who in early April forced long-time president Abdelaziz Bouteflika to quit, and who had rejected fresh polls until there is a more thorough change of the power structure. They argue that no one can lead Algeria in its coming stage but Bouteflika. The party, chaired by Abderrazak Makri, stated some indicators cause many fears in terms of freedoms and democracy, including media control, restrictions on the establishment of associations and opposing parties, and attempts to whitewash state parties. The political structure is aging. "We swear we will not stop!" If Bouteflika does not opt for a fifth stay in office, the same bloc would remain in power. The statement noted challenges hindering the political process, establishes corruption and creates gangs, is the impartiality of elections and lack of neutrality of state institutions. The �Hirak� opposition movement, which emerged this year from weekly mass protests demanding the entrenched ruling hierarchy quits power, says it will not support any election until more senior officials stand aside. The head of the Algerian Constitutional Council stepped down 16 April 2019 after weeks facing the ire of protesters. The army wants a return to normality and the end to a period of constitutional limbo in which an interim president holds office until a new election. Oil dollars helped the government maintain stability and few Algerians wanted to revisit their violent past. The "resignation would occur before April 28, 2019. Azzeddine Mihoubi was a culture minister under Bouteflika for years. However, the men on the ballot all have close links with the establishment, and though some of them pushed for reforms, many still see them as part of an entrenched, unchanging elite. The announcement on 10 April 2019 came a day after Abdelkader Bensalah, who will not be able to run in the election, was appointed as interim president for 90 days, replacing long-time leader Abdelaziz Bouteflika who stepped down days earlier in the face of mass protests against him. Despite calling for the departure of the unpopular prime minister Noureddine Bedoui, former prime minister Ali Benflis�who has attempted, and failed, to bag the presidency twice against Bouteflika�is hoping to succeed in 2019. You have a country that is potentially extremely rich. Protesters had ambitious demands in a country long- dominated by veterans of the 1954-1962 independence war against France, now seen by many Algerians as too old and out of touch. On 02 September 2019, army chief Lieutenant General Ahmed Gaid Salah announced the electoral commission �should issue a call on September 15�, meaning that according to Algeria's constitution, the presidential elections will be held 90 days, on December 12. Protesters fear the poll will cement in power politicians close to ex-president Abdelaziz Bouteflika, who quit in April under popular pressure after two decades as head of state. "Regime murderers," groups of flag-waving demonstrators chanted as riot police blocking their route used tear gas to prevent protesters from reaching key central locations. Ghediri has bolstered his profile with a series of prominent media appearances in recent weeks. Hirak�s opposition to the election set up a showdown over turnout - with the army and ruling establishment hoping for enough participation to ensure the legitimacy of a new president who can then move to end the protests. Facebook group with more than 60,000 members was hacked and shutdown by the state. Relying on a legitimacy buoyed by his perceived victimhood under Bouteflika�s presidency and his backing of the popular movement (despite coming out in support of Bouteflika�s fifth term in January this year), his chances of capturing public trust are slim. Despite Bouteflika's shortcoming, the four major parties in the �pro-government bloc� insist that the current president serves best the interests of the country. In a series of announcements on Monday evening, the presidency said the election, previously set for April, would now be postponed. Candidates for the December 12 election include former prime ministers Abdelmadjid Tebboune and Ali Benflis, former culture minister Azzedddine Mihoubi, former tourism minister Abdelkader Bengrine, and Abdelaziz Belaid, head of the El Mostakbal Movement party. A clearer line of succession would address their concerns, but requires settling on a particular candidate.
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