Combined with the broad behavioral risk and distribution of NHPs across DRC, our results suggest that SFV infection may have a wider geographic distribution within DRC. ', '3__1_2':'Political map with shades outside. Click to select this style. physical 15. View Enhanced PDF Access article on Wiley Online Library (HTML view) Download PDF for ... study is intended to provide a starting‐point for more detailed evaluations of potential hydrocarbon systems in the Sankuru‐Mbuji‐Mayi‐Lomami‐Lovoy Basin and the adjacent greater Congo Basin area. A list of the most popular locations in Democratic Republic of the Congo as searched by our visitors. Proviral loads in the three women ranged from 14 – 1,755 copies/105 cells. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) occupy an important place in zoonotic spillovers (pathogenic transmissions from animals to humans), serving as reservoirs or amplifiers of multiple neglected tropical diseases, including viral hemorrhagic fevers and arboviruses, parasites and bacteria, as well as retroviruses (simian foamy virus, PTLV) that are pathogenic in human beings. Light grey color scheme enhanced with shaded relief. You can embed, print or download the map just like any other image. Tshopo | No association between exposure to rodents and rash severity was found in the multivariable analysis. dently. The most frequently reported activities included eating (95%), cooking (70%), and butchering or. Please check your email for instructions on resetting your password. The majority (76.8%) of 125 total primate contacts involved touching a carcass; however, butchering (20%), hunting (10%), and touching a live primate (10%) were also reported. vice versa), we then assessed the relationship between age, sex, and their interaction in multivariate logistic regression, using the youngest male age group (5–9 year olds) as the, activities assessed included eating, cooking, butchering or, skinning, and hunting. Sud-Kivu | ... Generally, these results suggest that evaluations of at-risk sub-groups may be of limited use in regions where zoonotic transmission risk likely depends more on exposure frequency. Climate Average annual rainfall is 2,100 mm in the north and 1,700 mm near Lukenie in the south. A strength of this study is that data col-. Participants engaged in a variety of behaviors that increased contact with wild animals, including: butchering to sell (37%), being injured (14%), using body parts for traditional medicine (19%), collecting carcasses found in forests and/or farms (18%), and keeping as pets (16%). Sankuru highlighted by white color. Februar 2017 um 01:57 Uhr bearbeitet. Additional research exploring the relationship between rash severity and NHPs is warranted. In this and other populations that rely on bushmeat, there is a high frequency of exposure to multiple animal species through various modalities. Collection and Utilization of Animal Carcasses Associated with Zoonotic Disease in Tshuapa District,... Zoonotic aspects of vector-borne infections, Multi-host disease management: the why and the how to include wildlife, Cooperative hunting between humans and domestic dogs in eastern and northern Australia. A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: Are bats special? pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans. Just like any other image. sonality may impact exposure in this population. Interactions between hunters and non-target animals such as wild dogs were common, providing potential pathways for the spread of diseases. In the event of future zoonotic disease outbreaks, effective public health interventions, campaigns that mitigate the risk of animal contact during outbreaks need to be broad to include various modes, of contact and should be directed to both men and women across all age groups. Sie wurde jedoch nicht umgesetzt und im Januar 2011 durch eine Verfassungsänderung von Präsident Joseph Kabila abgesagt. mh_atlas_img_load = (function() { In addition to combating climate change, the REDD+ strategy also protects ecosystem diversity and helps to ensure the livelihoods and welfare of the local people. A standard questionnaire was, administered to all participants by trained health care, workers in either Tetela (the local language) or French. The presence of zoonotic pathogens in humans and NHP in Taï further highlights the risk for zoonotic disease emergence in this region. As limited information exists on patterns of, wildlife in communities that rely heavily on bushmeat, this, study fills a knowledge gap by exploring various animals, and the mode of contact experienced by rural villagers, the Congo Basin. If you have previously obtained access with your personal account, Hayman DT, Bowen RA, Cryan PM, McCracken GF, O’Shea TJ, Peel AJ, et al. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. FAO (2011) The State of Forests in the Amazon Basin, Congo, Basin and Southeast Asia: A report prepared for the Summit of. This applies to some viruses (dengue and chikungunya) that have caused major epidemics. soil, water, have revealed to be more or less dangerous pathogens for people exposed to these new natural threats, i.e. Ces cinquante dernières années, certains de ces micro-organismes, à l'origine présents chez des animaux forestiers ou hébergés dans l'environnement comme le sol ou l'eau, se sont dévoilés être des agents pathogènes plus ou moins sévères pour les populations humaines exposées. (2013) Ecology of zoonotic infectious diseases in. Category includes completion of secondary education, apprenticeship, higher education, or university. Ituri | window.addEvent('load', function(){ Political style for all areas outside of the borders of Sankuru.. Satellite style for all areas outside of the borders of Sankuru. In addition to protecting great apes, this reserve is also a vital part of our environmental initiatives: REDD+, watershed protection, and species conservation. (2009) Human Ebola outbreak, resulting from direct exposure to fruit bats in Luebo, Demo-, Locatelli S, Peeters M (2012) Cross-species transmission of simian, retroviruses: how and why they could lead to the emergence of, Luis AD, Hayman DT, O’Shea TJ, Cryan PM, Gilbert AT, Pulliam, JR, et al. Introduction: Monkeypox is a re-emerging viral zoonosis that occurs naturally in heavily-forested regions of West and Central Africa. Although bats host more zoonotic viruses per species, the total number of zoonotic viruses identified in bats (61) was lower than in rodents (68), a result of there being approximately twice the number of rodent species as bat species. Emerging infectious diseases of zoonotic origin constitute a recurrent threat to global health. and you may need to create a new Wiley Online Library account. Dark gray color scheme enhanced by hill-shading. This paper critically evaluates and discusses some of the methodological practicalities of applying a combined participatory and small-scale survey approach to investigating rural livelihood strategies of people living in the humid forest zone of Southwest Cameroon, Southeast Nigeria and Southwest Ghana, with particular reference to assessing the economic importance of non-timber forest products. To add to the body of literature quantifying the fre-, quency and type of animal contact, we conducted a pop-, ulation-based survey of all inhabitants (, living in remote, rural villages of the Sankuru Province, (formerly Sankuru district) of the DRC to assess the extent, of exposure to wild animals. Kasaï-Central | The solid asphaltite present in fractures in the dolostones of the BIIc subgroup may represent biodegraded light oil from an as‐yet unknown source which probably migrated during the Cambrian‐Ordovician (∼540–480 Ma). Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 18. This basin is one of the least explored in Central Africa and is a valuable resource for the evaluation of the petroleum system in the greater Congo Basin area. No map type is the best. This physical map of Sankuru is one of them. Estimates from the Congo Basin suggest that over 282, grams of bushmeat is consumed per person per day, with, nearly 5 million tons of bushmeat extracted annually, in Central Africa have increased over the past two decades, and the demand for bushmeat increase, this will lead, increases in the exposure of humans to potentially, agents. Plus que tout autre déterminant, les modifications d'usages des sols, notamment au travers de la déforestation pour le développement d'une agriculture, et les contacts avec les micro-organismes via la biodiversité, particulièrement lors de la pratique de chasse, exposent des individus susceptibles à ces nouveaux dangers micro-biens. sessed, while educational attainment, socioeconomic status, martial status, and occupation (based upon primary and, secondary designation) were assessed among those 15, of age or older. Maphill is the largest web map gallery. Easy to use. Sorry, it\'s not possible to turn off this option for this map. implementation, collected the data, guided data analysis; VHA conducted data analysis, developed figures and tables; AWR and VHA wrote and edited the manuscript; NAH and. Wolfe ND, Switzer WM, Carr JK, Bhullar VB, Shanmugam V, Tamoufe U, et al. ithecus neglectus, Cercopithecus wolfi, Cercopithecus nicitans, was defined as binary (any or no exposure) for both the, animal species/categories (included in Table. Volume 41, Issue 1. See the full list of destinations in Sankuru, browse destinations in Kasai-Oriental, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Africa or choose from the below listed cities. Here, we analyzed demographic and NHP contact data from 504 participants of differing demographic backgrounds living in proximity to the Taï National Park in Western Côte d'Ivoire (CI) to identify factors impacting the risk of NHP exposure. (2005) Discovery of a new human T-cell lym-. Implications Our improved understanding of hunting-dog use in Australia is essential to quantify the risk of disease transmission between wildlife and humans, identify transmission pathways and devise management plans to quash disease outbreaks. Among the 7545 individuals living within the partici-, pating villages (obtained from a door-to-door census, conducted one week prior to participant enrollment), only, declined participation among those eligible for enrol, 4574 were enrolled in the study. © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. Because of close proximity, transfer of zoonotic disease between hunters, hunting dogs and wildlife can, and does, occur. Knowledge about cooperative hunting between humans and domestic dogs and interactions with wildlife in Australia is limited, but is necessary to improve zoonotic-risk mitigation strategies. Underwater topography is represented by blues. This map is available in a common image format. While local names and photograp, were used to minimize exposure misclassification, it is, possible that participants may have mistaken one animal, Activities Among Study Participants, Sankuru Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (. Friant S, Paige SB, Goldberg TL (2015) Drivers of bushmeat, hunting and perceptions of zoonoses in Nigerian hunting, Gessain A, Rua R, Betsem E, Turpin J, Mahieux R (2013) HTLV-, 3/4 and simian foamy retroviruses in humans: discovery, epi-. Adjusted survival curves using inverse probability-of-treatment weights. Die Einwohnerzahl der Provinz betrug im Jahr 2015 2.110.000 Einwohner, die Hauptstadt ist Lusambo.[1][2]. Enrich your website with hiqh quality map graphics. opportunities for transmission of zoonotic disease. Look at Sankuru, Kasai-Oriental, Democratic Republic of the Congo from different perspectives. Missing information on, animal exposure questionnaire resulted in the final study, population of 3140 subjects. Calattini S, Chevalier SA, Duprez R, Bassot S, Froment A, Ma-, hieux R, et al. In a previous study within the same population, extensive overlap was observed in the reporting of animal contact, both animal type and exposure activity, further complicating interpretation of these associations, The collection and consumption of animal carcasses is a common activity in forested areas of the Congo River basin and creates sustainability, conservation, and health concerns. A large population-based survey was conducted (n = 3415) to assess animal exposures and behaviors associated with Ebolavirus antibody prevalence in rural Kasai Oriental province of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Lualaba | and zoonotic disease risk in Western Uganda. Similarly, NHPs and antelopes (Lahm et al. most likely to report cooking the animals (Mossoun et al. skinning of animals (55%). Sankuru is the recipient of the first REDD+ (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation) contract in the DRC, indicating its vital role in pioneering a new paradigm for community-led conservation. Here, we examine human-animal interaction in western Uganda, identifying patterns of injuries from animals and contact with nonhuman primates. A red dashboard is not necessarily negative but indicates an individual key-figure below median. googletag.defineSlot('/114450422/Maphill_com_Map_adm2_BTF_LeaderBoard_728x90', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-Map-adm2-BTF-LeaderBoard-728x90').addService(googletag.pubads()); While simian foamy virus (SFV) infection was reported in primate hunters in Cameroon and Gabon, little is known about the distribution of SFV in Africa and whether human-to-human transmission and disease occur. wg_adresa_cela="democratic-republic-congo/kasai-oriental/sankuru/maps/physical-map/"; This style is currently shown. 0479.498.120 - Gatti de Gamondstraat 88 Box 12, 1180 BRUSSEL. It is not possible to capture all the beauty in the map. Those that self-reported hunting NHP 3 weeks prior to onset of MPX symptoms had 2.78 times the odds of severe rash than those that did not report such exposure (95% CI: 1.18, 6.58). Aghokeng AF, Ayouba A, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Loul S, Liegeois F, Delaporte E, et al. //googletag.pubads().enableSyncRendering(); But there is good chance you will like other map styles even more. In DRC, other wild animals such as leopard (below) are also victimized by bushmeat hunting that is an important source of food and revenue and is a serious threat in the region. wg_prichazi_hned = true; ad_je_pak = (function() { In Central Africa, the increase of the bushmeat trade during the last decades has opened new possibilities for retroviral emergence in humans, especially in immuno-compromised persons. Agriculture launched a multi-disciplinary group of experts that set out to discuss the main wildlife specific concepts in the management of MHP disease outbreaks and how to integrate wildlife in the disease management process. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 3. Check Social Security data of SANKURU - MANIEMA. ', '5__1_2':'Satellite map outside. Over the last 50 years, many of these microbial forms, that are naturally embedded into wildlife or the environment, e.g. Dans cet article, nous discutons des interactions hôtes-micro-organismes rencontrées dans les forêts primaires en les abordant tant d'un angle macroécologique que d'un point de vue plus fonctionnel, en l'illustrant de quatre exemples d'agents microbiens émergents. Hotels in Democratic Republic of the Congo ». Sankuru’s most important supporters are generous donors like you. No, this is not art. Many of the species recorded may be hosts of zoonotic pathogens, creating concern for spillover events. frequency and geographic distribution of hunting with dogs, and to document interactions between them and wildlife that could contribute to zoonosis transmission. This map is available in a common image format. View Kanaal Z Business newsflashes on SANKURU - MANIEMA. However, despite the. Unlimited viewing of the article PDF and any associated supplements and figures. It's a piece of the world captured in the image. prevalent animal contacts included primates, ungulates, and rodents, with hunters having significantly higher re-, ports of butchering and receiving an injury from, studies on exposure to non-human primates resulte, different findings: in a large study of rural Cameroonian, villages, animal exposure was significantly higher in fores-, ted regions compared to other habitats, and, was a predominantly male activity, little to no difference, across sex was observed for butchering of animals (Wol, with non-human primates (specifically monkeys and, chimpanzees) differed according to demographic charac-, teristics such as age and sex; older males had the highest, reports of hunting and butchering, while older fema. insights into risks for potential new cross-species transmissions. All rights reserved. Order a thorough financial report on 'SANKURU - MANIEMA'. This leads to a pandemic situation for HIV-1 or an endemic one for HTLV-1. Sankuru also contains elephants, which have been hunted out in many other areas of the Congo forest, plus at least 10 other species of primates, including the rare owl faced monkey and blue monkey. We then assessed the, relationship between sex and age with the animal exposures. 0479.498.120 - Gatti de Gamondstraat 88 Box 12, 1180 BRUSSEL ... Get a login in order to download company profiles in PDF. Click to select this style. wg_archivovat('_uvodni', 'ajax/democratic-republic-congo/kasai-oriental/sankuru/maps/physical-map/?_uvodni=1&_lehni=1&_say_goodbye=1&_jtzs=a&_j[]=mm&_bi=1&_archiv=1', wg_adresa_cela); RHD assisted with data cleaning and manuscript editing; PMM, NKK, EOW and JJM participated in study design. ', '3__1_1':'Satellite base map. without known primate contact (Switzer et al. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username, By continuing to browse this site, you agree to its use of cookies as described in our, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use. ', 'sloupec_4':'Select Additional Map Options'})});mh_priprav_hledani(true);mh_barvy_w.set('brv16', [14,29,5,5,10,5,59,97,5,27,5,32,106,33,11,42]);mh_barvy_h.set('brv16', [44,49,41,40,43,41,59,72,40,48,40,50,79,50,43,52]);mh_priprav_barvy(30);wg_zakryt('mmh', true, false, false, true); Moreover, we observed a high correlation of the same activities across animal types. Tanganyika | In: Direction i, (editors), Kinshasa: Ministry of, Morens DM, Folkers GK, Fauci AS (2004) The challenge of. Sankuru | Reports of animal exposures varied from one. Service provided by UN-OCHA. January 2018. All Sankuru maps are available in a JPEG image format. frequently reported animal contacts included rodents, specifically squirrels and porcupines, and duikers. Sure, there is. Shaded relief map shows topographic features of the surface. Get a login to view Kanaal Z newsflashes on this company. ', '2__1_4':'Apply hill-shading to the outside map. Thanks to automating the complex process of turning data into map graphics, we are able to create maps in higher quality, faster and cheaper than was possible before. Discover the beauty hidden in the maps. Carcasses were discovered in varying degrees of decomposition and. Sixteen (0.5%) samples were WB-positive; 12 of 16 were from women (75%, 95% confidence limits 47.6%, 92.7%). Wolfe ND, Prosser TA, Carr JK, Tamoufe U, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Torimiro JN, et al. Photos by Bonobo Conservation Initiative. googletag.enableServices(); emerging infectious diseases. wg_adresa_lnk="http://www.maphill.com/democratic-republic-congo/kasai-oriental/sankuru/maps/physical-map/"; Its capital is Lusambo. Sud-Ubangi | Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics). Children included all respondents under the age of 15 (, Adults included all respondents 15 years of age or older (. ). Moreover, while a comprehensive list of locally avail-, able wild animals was attempted, limitations in time, resources resulted in the inclusion of only the most com-, mon in this region. '//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; As this was a, cross-sectional study and exposure was assessed only, the previous month, we were unable to capture how sea-. Overall, women were more likely to cook (OR 6.1, 95% CI (5.2, 7.3)), while men were significantly more likely, to report butchering or skinning (OR 1.6), hunting (OR, 20.0), picking up dead animals for later consumption (OR, 2.0), and being scratched, bitten, or playing with animals, olds, the older the subject, the more likely they are to report, cooking, butchering or skinning, hunting, and picking up, dead animals. At a moment when the WHO has included “Disease X”, a presumably zoonotic pathogen with pandemic potential, on its list of blueprint priority diseases as, new field-based tools for investigating zoonotic disease emergence, both known and unknown, are of critical importance. Aims We aimed to describe the, Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. For this study, samples of the BIe to BIIe subgroups from five boreholes and two outcrops were evaluated with petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical analyses. By working together, we can make sure that Sankuru Nature Reserve maintains abundant forests, diverse wildlife, and thriving communities. Check all official publications of SANKURU - MANIEMA in the Belgian Offical Journal. To date, a limited, number of studies have characterized animal exposure, among populations living within or bordering areas of high, biological diversity in Africa. These results also reinforce the potential for an increased SFV prevalence throughout the forested regions of Africa where humans and simians co-exist. Given the, range of biodiversity and high frequency of exposure to, animals, remembering the specifics of contacts within. Get free map for your website. Parker S, Nuara A, Buller RM, Schultz DA (2007) Human mon-, Peeters M, Courgnaud V, Abela B, Auzel P, Pourrut X, Bibollet-, Ruche F, et al. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("kontinent", ["1", "africa", "Africa"]); This is how the world looks like. This is well illustrated by some retroviruses, as the simian immunodeficiency viruses and the simian T lymphotropic viruses, which have the ability to cross-species, adapt to a new host and sometimes spread. Assessing Immunity to Vaccine Preventable Diseases in DRC. Click to select this style. Give your friends a chance to see how the world converted to images looks like. The basis for a majority of the reported animal contact, in our study is bushmeat, which provides an important, gateway for disease emergence. Furthermore, this study also observed that the, type of animals for which participants reported contact, varied by geographical land cover of surveyed communi-, ties, which could not be assessed in our study as all study, in Any Wild Animal Exposure and Taxa Among Study Partici-, pants, Sankuru Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, any contact to the animal types indicated, villages were in close proximity to one another and thus, had similar environments. thank Cyrus Sinai for assisting with Fig. ', '7__1_2':'Outside area filled with a single color. On the other hand, a recent study in the Taı, te d’Ivoire observed that the type of contact, ). mh_priprav_bookmark("democratic-republic-congo/kasai-oriental/sankuru/maps/physical-map/"); Click to apply this effect. However, exposure in this manner is part of a, Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) From Univariate Logistic Regression for Wild Animal-Specific, Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) From Multivariate Logistic Regression* for Wild Animal-Specific, ). 1415 known human pathogens are considered zoonotic, Linda L. Wright—Retired from National Institute of Child Health and Human. The value of a map gallery is not determined by the number of pictures, but by the possibility to see the world from many different perspectives. The group’s discussions generated a possible roadmap for the management of MHP diseases. It describes the sampling methods used to select study zones, settlements and households as well as the participatory techniques and instruments used to differentiate households and gather information on rural incomes. Participants reported hunting rodents (95%), ungulates (93%), carnivores (93%), primates (87%), and bats (42%), among other prey. Non-human primates are considered to be likely sources of viruses that can infect humans and thus pose a significant threat to human population. A map projection is a way how to transform points on a Earth to points on a map. No doubt about it. Sankuru ist der Name eines Flusses in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo, siehe Sankuru (Fluss) einer Provinz der Demokratischen Republik Kongo, siehe Sankuru (Provinz) Dies ist eine Begriffsklärungsseite zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben Wort bezeichneter Begriffe. Sankuru also contains elephants, which have been hunted out in many other areas of the Congo forest, plus at least 10 other species of primates, including the rare owl faced monkey and blue monkey. Differences in land elevations relative to the sea level are represented by color. Nord-Kivu | The, pair-wise Pearson’s correlation between hunting for the, most common reported animals (including rodents, duik-, ers and NHPs) ranged from 0.58 to 0.74, and from 0.68 to, 0.79 for butchering/skinning, and 0.62 to 0.78 for cooking, In univariate logistic regression, we assessed the asso-, ciations between age, sex, and animal exposures, indepen-. Savanna green color scheme enhanced with shaded relief. Such efforts, however, are hindered by an incomplete understanding of the maintenance and transmission dynamics of the virus in its natural reservoir host(s). We also. conflict of interest with regard to this publication. In order to help choose the most adapted management actions for all involved epidemiological units, we integrated a decision-making framework (presented as a spreadsheet). SES categorization is based on calculated wealth index derived from the following, and motorcycle. Bushmeat hunting threatens biodiversity and increases the risk of zoonotic pathogen transmission. hunting, deforestation, and prediction of zoonotic disease. ', '2__1_2':'Cropped map. Click to select this style. Read articles on SANKURU - MANIEMA in Trends Business Magazine. NHPs, bats, and rodents (in-, cluding rats, mice, squirrels, and porcupines) are known or, suspected reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and have. if (!wg_load_jinde) wg_ad_je(); However, limited information exists on patterns and extent of contact with wildlife in such communities. Those with incomplete survey, We collected information on exposure to wild animals, using locally appropriate taxonomic categories derived, from focus group interviews and lists of animals found in, that region. Hunting (which may in-, clude tracking, capturing, handling, and transportation), and butchering (which may include opening, cutting, and, other preparations) of wild animals provide ample, opportunity for transmission of infectious zoonotic agents, via intimate contact with tissue, blood, viscera, feces, or, ticipate in hunting and butchering activities, a large num-, ber of people are constantly being challenged by zoonotic, wild animals in DRC suggest that monkeypox has a num-, ber of sylvatic hosts, including rope and sun squirrels and.
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